Qur'aanic Studies - Volume XVII
by
Mohammad Shafi
PREFACE
Below the Arabic text of every Verse of the Qur'aan, is its transliteration, followed by translation and Chapter Notes, if any, essentially based on the Qur'aan itself. Please remember that the Arabic text is divine and, therefore, sacrosanct, but the transliteration, translation and the Notes are human and, therefore, subject to correction. Please also remember that the human-made Notes cannot, and do not, explain the divine Verses. They seek to explain the human translation only and/or to relate the Verse to present circumstances or to divine explanations given in other Verses of the Qur'aan.
I have adopted the transliteration method employed by the Muslim Students' Association (MSA) of the University of Southern California. And, in this regard, I may usefully quote from their site:
"MSA-USC would like to thank muslimnet.net for making their transliteration of the Qur'an publicly available.
'We would like to emphasize that this [transliteration] text is not a substitute for the original Arabic Qur'an. It is only an attempt to help those who are trying to learn to read the Arabic text, since it is as close to the written text as possible.
It is important to practice pronouncing the letters as directed in the transliteration table, especially the underlined letters, before starting to read. It will be helpful if an Arabic speaker can help you.
This work is free for use to everyone as long as no changes that might distort it are done to it. We request from those who benefit from it to pray for us. We pray to Almighty Allah to help you learn to read the Holy Qur'an, and to do every good thing.'"
I present this humble work in the earnest hope that it will prompt my Readers to try and understand the divine Message in its original Arabic text. They should remember that no translation however meticulously done can ever equal the original Arabic text in its divine grandeur and pristine clarity.
One may wonder why this yet another addition to the existing plethora of Translations and Commentaries! The answer to this question lies in the beauty of the fact that the divine Message of the Qur'aan remains valid for all times and ages since its revelation until the Last Day. The Message therefore needs to be studied from time to time in the changing perspectives of the changing times. It would be absolutely wrong to confine this universal Message for mankind to the circumstances and situations of a particular period in the past. Unfortunately, however, most of the commentators so far have based their understanding of the Qur'aan in the strict perspective of the circumstances and situations prevailing at the time of its revelation way back in 7th century A.D. The Muslim mindset generally has thus got stagnated and therefore unable to cope with the changing situations of the changing times. This humble attempt of mine is to help Muslims generally to come out, Allah willing, of that crippling stagnation.
This Volume of my Qur'aanic Studies is on Al-A'araf Verses 88 to 163.
Mohammad Shafi
Mumbai, INDIA,
7th August, 2008
سورة الأعراف
Chapter 7: Al-A'araf (The Heights)
| 88 |
۞ قَالَ الْمَلَأُ الَّذِينَ اسْتَكْبَرُوا مِن قَوْمِهِ لَنُخْرِجَنَّكَ يَا شُعَيْبُ وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا مَعَكَ مِن قَرْيَتِنَا أَوْ لَتَعُودُنَّ فِي مِلَّتِنَا ۚ قَالَ أَوَلَوْ كُنَّا كَارِهِينَ |
88. Q ala almalao alla theena istakbaroo min qawmihi lanukhrijannaka y a shuAAaybu wa alla theena amanoo maAAaka min qaryatin a aw lataAAoodunna fee millatin a q ala awa law kunn a k ariheen a
88. Those of the nobility among his32 people, who were arrogant, said, "We will certainly drive you, and those who have believed with you, out, O Shu'aib, from our place, unless you return to our way of ife." He said, "Even when we dislike it?"
32. Prophet Shu'aib's (peace be upon him). See preceding Verses.
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89 |
قَدِ افْتَرَيْنَا عَلَى اللَّهِ كَذِبًا إِنْ عُدْنَا فِي مِلَّتِكُم بَعْدَ إِذْ نَجَّانَا اللَّهُ مِنْهَا ۚ وَمَا يَكُونُ لَنَا أَن نَّعُودَ فِيهَا إِلَّا أَن يَشَاءَ اللَّهُ رَبُّنَا ۚ وَسِعَ رَبُّنَا كُلَّ شَيْءٍ عِلْمًا ۚ عَلَى اللَّهِ تَوَكَّلْنَا ۚ رَبَّنَا افْتَحْ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَ قَوْمِنَا بِالْحَقِّ وَأَنتَ خَيْرُ الْفَاتِحِينَ |
89. Qadi iftarayn a AAal a All ahi ka thiban in AAudn a fee millatikum baAAda i th najj an a All ahu minh a wam a yakoonu lan a an naAAooda feeh a ill a an yash aa All ahu rabbun a wasiAAa rabbun a kulla shay-in AAilman AAal a All ahi tawakkaln a rabban a ifta h baynan a wabayna qawmin a bi al haqqi waanta khayru alf ati heen a
89. 33"We should be forging a lie against Allah if we return to your way of life after Allah has delivered us from it. And it befits us not that we should return to it, unless Allah, our Lord, so wishes. Our Lord comprehends all things in His knowledge. In Allah do we trust. Our Lord! Decide justly between us and our people. And You are the Best of judges."
33. This Verse is a continuation of Prophet Shu'aib's reply to his people.
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90 |
وَقَالَ الْمَلَأُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِن قَوْمِهِ لَئِنِ اتَّبَعْتُمْ شُعَيْبًا إِنَّكُمْ إِذًا لَّخَاسِرُونَ |
90. Waq ala almalao alla theena kafaroo min qawmihi la-ini ittabaAAtum shuAAayban innakum i than lakh asiroon a
90. And those of the nobility among his people, who suppressed the Truth, said, "If you follow Shu'aib, then surely you are doomed!"
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91 |
فَأَخَذَتْهُمُ الرَّجْفَةُ فَأَصْبَحُوا فِي دَارِهِمْ جَاثِمِينَ |
91. Faakha that-humu a lrrajfatu faa sba hoo fee d arihim j athimeen a
91. A violent shaking seized them then, and they lay lifeless in their abode.
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92 |
الَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا شُعَيْبًا كَأَن لَّمْ يَغْنَوْا فِيهَا ۚ الَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا شُعَيْبًا كَانُوا هُمُ الْخَاسِرِينَ |
92. Alla theena ka ththaboo shuAAayban kaan lam yaghnaw feeh a alla theena ka ththaboo shuAAayban k anoo humu alkh asireen a
92. Those who denied Shu'aib, they were as though they had never flourished therein; those who denied Shu'aib, they were the ones who were doomed.
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93 |
فَتَوَلَّىٰ عَنْهُمْ وَقَالَ يَا قَوْمِ لَقَدْ أَبْلَغْتُكُمْ رِسَالَاتِ رَبِّي وَنَصَحْتُ لَكُمْ ۖ فَكَيْفَ آسَىٰ عَلَىٰ قَوْمٍ كَافِرِينَ |
93. Fatawall a AAanhum waq ala y a qawmi laqad ablaghtukum ris al ati rabbee wana sa htu lakum fakayfa as a AAal a qawmin k afireen a
93. He then turned away from them and said, "O my people! I have indeed delivered to you the Messages of my Lord and I have given you good advice. How can I then grieve over people who suppressed the Truth?"
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94 |
وَمَا أَرْسَلْنَا فِي قَرْيَةٍ مِّن نَّبِيٍّ إِلَّا أَخَذْنَا أَهْلَهَا بِالْبَأْسَاءِ وَالضَّرَّاءِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَضَّرَّعُونَ |
94. Wam a arsaln a fee qaryatin min nabiyyin ill a akha thn a ahlah a bi alba/s a-i wa alddarr a-i laAAallahum ya ddarraAAoon a
94. And We sent not a Prophet to a place but We seized its people with adversity and distress so that they became compliant.
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95 |
ثُمَّ بَدَّلْنَا مَكَانَ السَّيِّئَةِ الْحَسَنَةَ حَتَّىٰ عَفَوا وَّقَالُوا قَدْ مَسَّ آبَاءَنَا الضَّرَّاءُ وَالسَّرَّاءُ فَأَخَذْنَاهُم بَغْتَةً وَهُمْ لَا يَشْعُرُونَ |
95. Thumma baddaln a mak ana a lssayyi-ati al hasanata hatt a AAafaw waq aloo qad massa ab aan a a lddarr ao wa alssarr ao faakha thn ahum baghtatan wahum l a yashAAuroon a
95. We then changed the bad condition to good until they grew in prosperity and said, "Distress and ease did befall our fathers." Then, all of a sudden, We caught them unawares.
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96 |
وَلَوْ أَنَّ أَهْلَ الْقُرَىٰ آمَنُوا وَاتَّقَوْا لَفَتَحْنَا عَلَيْهِم بَرَكَاتٍ مِّنَ السَّمَاءِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَلَـٰكِن كَذَّبُوا فَأَخَذْنَاهُم بِمَا كَانُوا يَكْسِبُونَ |
96. Walaw anna ahla alqur a amanoo wa ittaqaw lafata hn a AAalayhim barak atin mina a lssam a-i wa al-ar di wal akin ka ththaboo faakha thn ahum bim a k anoo yaksiboon a
96. And if the people of those places had believed and had been pious, We would certainly have opened up for them blessings from the heavens and the earth. But they denied the Truth. So We seized them because of what they had earned.
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97 |
أَفَأَمِنَ أَهْلُ الْقُرَىٰ أَن يَأْتِيَهُم بَأْسُنَا بَيَاتًا وَهُمْ نَائِمُونَ |
97. Afaamina ahlu alqur a an ya/tiyahum ba/sun a bay atan wahum n a-imoon a
97. Did those people then feel secure from Our punishment coming to them by night while they slept?
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98 |
أَوَأَمِنَ أَهْلُ الْقُرَىٰ أَن يَأْتِيَهُم بَأْسُنَا ضُحًى وَهُمْ يَلْعَبُونَ |
98. Awa amina ahlu alqur a an ya/tiyahum ba/sun a du han wahum yalAAaboon a
98. Or, did they feel secure from Our punishment coming to them in the morning while they played34?
34. Please take note that those ancient people's daytime activities were described as mere play. Obviously, they were indulging in such activities, other than those divinely ordained for earning lawful livelihood besides paying obeisance, as required, to the Creator. Such activities are just pastime in the Creator's eyes.
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99 |
أَفَأَمِنُوا مَكْرَ اللَّهِ ۚ فَلَا يَأْمَنُ مَكْرَ اللَّهِ إِلَّا الْقَوْمُ الْخَاسِرُونَ |
99. Afaaminoo makra All ahi fal a ya/manu makra All ahi ill a alqawmu alkh asiroon a
99. Did they then feel secure from Allah's plan? But none felt secure from Allah's plan except those who were doomed.
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100 |
أَوَلَمْ يَهْدِ لِلَّذِينَ يَرِثُونَ الْأَرْضَ مِن بَعْدِ أَهْلِهَا أَن لَّوْ نَشَاءُ أَصَبْنَاهُم بِذُنُوبِهِمْ ۚ وَنَطْبَعُ عَلَىٰ قُلُوبِهِمْ فَهُمْ لَا يَسْمَعُونَ |
100. Awa lam yahdi lilla theena yarithoona al-ar da min baAAdi ahlih a an law nash ao a sabn ahum bi thunoobihim wana tbaAAu AAal a quloobihim fahum l a yasmaAAoon a
100. Has it not dawned on those who have inherited the earth from their earlier occupants that if We please, We would punish them for their sins and set a seal on their minds so they wouldn't hear?
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101 |
تِلْكَ الْقُرَىٰ نَقُصُّ عَلَيْكَ مِنْ أَنبَائِهَا ۚ وَلَقَدْ جَاءَتْهُمْ رُسُلُهُم بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ فَمَا كَانُوا لِيُؤْمِنُوا بِمَا كَذَّبُوا مِن قَبْلُ ۚ كَذَٰلِكَ يَطْبَعُ اللَّهُ عَلَىٰ قُلُوبِ الْكَافِرِينَ |
101. Tilka alqur a naqu ssu AAalayka min anb a-ih a walaqad j aat-hum rusuluhum bi albayyin ati fam a k anoo liyu/minoo bim a ka ththaboo min qablu ka thalika ya tbaAAu All ahu AAal a quloobi alk afireen a
101. These places of human habitation! We relate to you some of their stories. And their Messengers did come to them with evidences. But they could not believe because, earlier, they had denied35! Allah thus seals the minds of those who suppress the Truth.
35. Allah Almighty brings into focus a general human weakness here. It is very difficult for any human being to admit any mistake on his part. Those ancient peoples, about whom Allah speaks here, were steeped in polytheism and other wrong beliefs and deeds. When the Messengers brought proofs of their beliefs and deeds being wrong, they wouldn't even budge. This trait/weakness is responsible for many a human conflict in today's world too. It has its roots in the satanic trait of pride. Man is too proud to admit that he had been wrong.
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102 |
وَمَا وَجَدْنَا لِأَكْثَرِهِم مِّنْ عَهْدٍ ۖ وَإِن وَجَدْنَا أَكْثَرَهُمْ لَفَاسِقِينَ |
102. Wam a wajadn a li-aktharihim min AAahdin wa-in wajadn a aktharahum laf asiqeen a
102. And We found most of them unreliable. And We did indeed find most of them to be transgressors.
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103 |
ثُمَّ بَعَثْنَا مِن بَعْدِهِم مُّوسَىٰ بِآيَاتِنَا إِلَىٰ فِرْعَوْنَ وَمَلَئِهِ فَظَلَمُوا بِهَا ۖ فَانظُرْ كَيْفَ كَانَ عَاقِبَةُ الْمُفْسِدِينَ |
103. Thumma baAAathn a min baAAdihim moos a bi- ay atin a il a firAAawna wamala-ihi fa thalamoo bih a fa onu thur kayfa k ana AA aqibatu almufsideen a
103. We then, after them, sent Moses with Our Signs to Pharaoh and his chieftains, but they wronged those Signs! See then what end the transgressors met with.
| 104 |
وَقَالَ مُوسَىٰ يَا فِرْعَوْنُ إِنِّي رَسُولٌ مِّن رَّبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ |
104. Waq ala moos a y a firAAawnu innee rasoolun min rabbi alAA alameen a
104. And Moses said, "O Pharaoh! I am indeed a Messenger from the Lord of the worlds.
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105 |
حَقِيقٌ عَلَىٰ أَن لَّا أَقُولَ عَلَى اللَّهِ إِلَّا الْحَقَّ ۚ قَدْ جِئْتُكُم بِبَيِّنَةٍ مِّن رَّبِّكُمْ فَأَرْسِلْ مَعِيَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ |
105. Haqeequn AAal a an l a aqoola AAal a All ahi ill a al haqqa qad ji/tukum bibayyinatin min rabbikum faarsil maAAiya banee isr a-eel a
105. It is just and proper for me that I say about Allah nothing but the Truth. I have come to you indeed with evidence from your Lord. So send the Children of Israel with me.
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106 |
قَالَ إِن كُنتَ جِئْتَ بِآيَةٍ فَأْتِ بِهَا إِن كُنتَ مِنَ الصَّادِقِينَ |
106. Q ala in kunta ji/ta bi- ayatin fa/ti bih a in kunta mina a lssadiqeen a
106. He said, "If you have come with a sign, then come out with it, if you are of the truthful ones."
| 107 |
فَأَلْقَىٰ عَصَاهُ فَإِذَا هِيَ ثُعْبَانٌ مُّبِينٌ |
107. Faalq a AAa sahu fa-i tha hiya thuAAb anun mubeen un
107. So he threw down his staff, when, lo and behold, it was a veritable serpent!
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108 |
وَنَزَعَ يَدَهُ فَإِذَا هِيَ بَيْضَاءُ لِلنَّاظِرِينَ |
108. WanazaAAa yadahu fa-i tha hiya bay dao li lnn athireen a
108. And he stretched his hand, when, lo and behold, it was shining white to the onlookers!
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109 |
قَالَ الْمَلَأُ مِن قَوْمِ فِرْعَوْنَ إِنَّ هَـٰذَا لَسَاحِرٌ عَلِيمٌ |
109. Q ala almalao min qawmi firAAawna inna h atha las ahirun AAaleem un
109. The chieftains among Pharaoh's people said, "This one is indeed a knowledgeable magician."
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110 |
يُرِيدُ أَن يُخْرِجَكُم مِّنْ أَرْضِكُمْ ۖ فَمَاذَا تَأْمُرُونَ |
110. Yureedu an yukhrijakum min ar dikum fam atha ta/muroon a
110. "He intends to drive you out of your land. What counsel do you then give?"36
36. The context suggests that it was Pharaoh who said this to the Chieftains.
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111 |
قَالُوا أَرْجِهْ وَأَخَاهُ وَأَرْسِلْ فِي الْمَدَائِنِ حَاشِرِينَ |
111. Q aloo arjih waakh ahu waarsil fee almad a-ini hashireen a
111. They said, "Defer the matter concerning him and his brother, and send callers into the cities and towns,37
37. The Chieftains' reply continues in the next Verse.
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112 |
يَأْتُوكَ بِكُلِّ سَاحِرٍ عَلِيمٍ |
112. Ya/tooka bikulli s ahirin AAaleem in
112. to bring to you every knowledgeable magician."
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113 |
وَجَاءَ السَّحَرَةُ فِرْعَوْنَ قَالُوا إِنَّ لَنَا لَأَجْرًا إِن كُنَّا نَحْنُ الْغَالِبِينَ |
113. Waj aa a lssa haratu firAAawna q aloo inna lan a laajran in kunn a na hnu algh alibeen a
113. And the magicians came to Pharaoh and said, "We should indeed have a reward if we are the victors."
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114 |
قَالَ نَعَمْ وَإِنَّكُمْ لَمِنَ الْمُقَرَّبِينَ |
114. Q ala naAAam wa-innakum lamina almuqarrabeen a
114. He said, "Yes, and you shall indeed be of those who are close38."
38. Close to Pharaoh that is.
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115 |
قَالُوا يَا مُوسَىٰ إِمَّا أَن تُلْقِيَ وَإِمَّا أَن نَّكُونَ نَحْنُ الْمُلْقِينَ |
115. Q aloo y a moos a imm a an tulqiya wa-imm a an nakoona na hnu almulqeen a
115. They said, "O Moses! Either you do the throwing down, or we do it."
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116 |
قَالَ أَلْقُوا ۖ فَلَمَّا أَلْقَوْا سَحَرُوا أَعْيُنَ النَّاسِ وَاسْتَرْهَبُوهُمْ وَجَاءُوا بِسِحْرٍ عَظِيمٍ |
116. Q ala alqoo falamm a alqaw sa haroo aAAyuna a lnn asi wa istarhaboohum waj aoo bisi hrin AAa theem in
116. He said, "You do." So when they did, they hoodwinked the people's eyes and frightened them, and they displayed a great magic.
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117 |
۞ وَأَوْحَيْنَا إِلَىٰ مُوسَىٰ أَنْ أَلْقِ عَصَاكَ ۖ فَإِذَا هِيَ تَلْقَفُ مَا يَأْفِكُونَ |
117. Waaw hayn a il a moos a an alqi AAa saka fa-i tha hiya talqafu m a ya/fikoon a
117. And We revealed Our instruction to Moses, "Throw down your staff." And, lo and behold, it swallowed up what they had conjured up!
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118 |
فَوَقَعَ الْحَقُّ وَبَطَلَ مَا كَانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ |
118. FawaqaAAa al haqqu waba tala m a k anoo yaAAmaloon a
118. So the truth prevailed, and what they did became null and void.
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119 |
فَغُلِبُوا هُنَالِكَ وَانقَلَبُوا صَاغِرِينَ |
119. Faghuliboo hun alika wa inqalaboo saghireen a
119. They were thus defeated there, and they turned back subdued.
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120 |
وَأُلْقِيَ السَّحَرَةُ سَاجِدِينَ |
120. Waolqiya a lssa haratu s ajideen a
120. And the magicians fell prostrate.
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121 |
قَالُوا آمَنَّا بِرَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ |
121. Q aloo amann a birabbi alAA alameen a
121. They said, "We believe in the Lord of the worlds,
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122 |
رَبِّ مُوسَىٰ وَهَارُونَ |
122. Rabbi moos a wah aroon a
122. the Lord of Moses and Aaron."
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123 |
قَالَ فِرْعَوْنُ آمَنتُم بِهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ آذَنَ لَكُمْ ۖ إِنَّ هَـٰذَا لَمَكْرٌ مَّكَرْتُمُوهُ فِي الْمَدِينَةِ لِتُخْرِجُوا مِنْهَا أَهْلَهَا ۖ فَسَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ |
123. Q ala firAAawnu amantum bihi qabla an athana lakum inna h atha lamakrun makartumoohu fee almadeenati litukhrijoo minh a ahlah a fasawfa taAAlamoon a
123. Pharaoh said, "Did you believe in Him before I permitted you!? This indeed is a plot which you have devised in the city to drive its people out. But you shall soon know!
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124 |
لَأُقَطِّعَنَّ أَيْدِيَكُمْ وَأَرْجُلَكُم مِّنْ خِلَافٍ ثُمَّ لَأُصَلِّبَنَّكُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ |
124. Laoqa tiAAanna aydiyakum waarjulakum min khil afin thumma lao sallibannakum ajmaAAeen a
124. I will certainly cut off your hands and your feet on opposite sides. Then will I crucify you all."
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125 |
قَالُوا إِنَّا إِلَىٰ رَبِّنَا مُنقَلِبُونَ |
125. Q aloo inn a il a rabbin a munqaliboon a
125. They said, "Surely to our Lord shall we go back.
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126 |
وَمَا تَنقِمُ مِنَّا إِلَّا أَنْ آمَنَّا بِآيَاتِ رَبِّنَا لَمَّا جَاءَتْنَا ۚ رَبَّنَا أَفْرِغْ عَلَيْنَا صَبْرًا وَتَوَفَّنَا مُسْلِمِينَ |
126. Wam a tanqimu minn a ill a an amann a bi- ay ati rabbin a lamm a j aatn a rabban a afrigh AAalayn a sabran watawaffan a muslimeen a
126. And you do not take revenge on us except because we have believed in the signs of our Lord when these came to us! Our Lord! Grant us patience and cause us to die as Muslims39."
39. I.e., those who submit to Allah's Will.
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127 |
وَقَالَ الْمَلَأُ مِن قَوْمِ فِرْعَوْنَ أَتَذَرُ مُوسَىٰ وَقَوْمَهُ لِيُفْسِدُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ وَيَذَرَكَ وَآلِهَتَكَ ۚ قَالَ سَنُقَتِّلُ أَبْنَاءَهُمْ وَنَسْتَحْيِي نِسَاءَهُمْ وَإِنَّا فَوْقَهُمْ قَاهِرُونَ |
127. Waq ala almalao min qawmi firAAawna ata tharu moos a waqawmahu liyufsidoo fee al-ar di waya tharaka wa alihataka q ala sanuqattilu abn aahum wanasta hyee nis aahum wa-inn a fawqahum q ahiroon a
127. And the chieftains among Pharaoh's people said, "Would you leave Moses and his people free to make mischief in the land and to forsake you and your gods?" He said, "We will kill their sons and spare their women. And we do indeed have absolute power over them."
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128 |
قَالَ مُوسَىٰ لِقَوْمِهِ اسْتَعِينُوا بِاللَّهِ وَاصْبِرُوا ۖ إِنَّ الْأَرْضَ لِلَّهِ يُورِثُهَا مَن يَشَاءُ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ ۖ وَالْعَاقِبَةُ لِلْمُتَّقِينَ |
128. Q ala moos a liqawmihi istaAAeenoo bi All ahi wa isbiroo inna al-ar da lill ahi yoorithuh a man yash ao min AAib adihi wa alAA aqibatu lilmuttaqeen a
128. Moses said to his people, "Ask for help from Allah and be patient. The land is Allah's; He leases40 it to such of His worshippers41 as He pleases. And the good end is reserved for those who are pious42.
40. The word used in the Verse is yoorithu. It has been translated as 'causes to inherit'. But since the land is Allah's and no one inherits from Allah, a better translation would be 'leases'.
41. All human beings have willy nilly to obey Nature's laws. Some of them may not recognise Nature as Allah, but nevertheless they have to obey those laws. They cannot exist otherwise. In that sense, all human beings - believers or non-believers - are worshippers of Allah. To obey is to worship.
42. Refer study note 2.2 to know what the corresponding word used in the Arabic text means, in Qur'aanic terms.
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129 |
قَالُوا أُوذِينَا مِن قَبْلِ أَن تَأْتِيَنَا وَمِن بَعْدِ مَا جِئْتَنَا ۚ قَالَ عَسَىٰ رَبُّكُمْ أَن يُهْلِكَ عَدُوَّكُمْ وَيَسْتَخْلِفَكُمْ فِي الْأَرْضِ فَيَنظُرَ كَيْفَ تَعْمَلُونَ |
129. Q aloo oo theen a min qabli an ta/tiyan a wamin baAAdi m a ji/tan a q ala AAas a rabbukum an yuhlika AAaduwwakum wayastakhlifakum fee al-ar di fayan thura kayfa taAAmaloon a
129. They said, "We have been persecuted before you came to us and since you have come to us." He said, "It may be that your Lord will destroy your enemy and make you rulers in the land, then He will see how you act."
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130 |
وَلَقَدْ أَخَذْنَا آلَ فِرْعَوْنَ بِالسِّنِينَ وَنَقْصٍ مِّنَ الثَّمَرَاتِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَذَّكَّرُونَ |
130. Walaqad akha thn a ala firAAawna bi alssineena wanaq sin mina a lththamar ati laAAallahum ya ththakkaroon a
130. And We did seize Pharaoh's people with years of drought and loss in agricultural produce that they may take heed.
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131 |
فَإِذَا جَاءَتْهُمُ الْحَسَنَةُ قَالُوا لَنَا هَـٰذِهِ ۖ وَإِن تُصِبْهُمْ سَيِّئَةٌ يَطَّيَّرُوا بِمُوسَىٰ وَمَن مَّعَهُ ۗ أَلَا إِنَّمَا طَائِرُهُمْ عِندَ اللَّهِ وَلَـٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَهُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ |
131. Fa-i tha j aat-humu al hasanatu q aloo lan a h athihi wa-in tu sibhum sayyi-atun ya ttayyaroo bimoos a waman maAAahu al a innam a ta-iruhum AAinda All ahi wal akinna aktharahum l a yaAAlamoon a
131. But when they got anything good, they said, "We certainly deserve this." And when any bad thing befell them, they attributed its cause to Moses and those with him. Nay! The cause for anything happening to them lay only with Allah, but most of them knew not.
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132 |
وَقَالُوا مَهْمَا تَأْتِنَا بِهِ مِنْ آيَةٍ لِّتَسْحَرَنَا بِهَا فَمَا نَحْنُ لَكَ بِمُؤْمِنِينَ |
132. Waq aloo mahm a ta/tin a bihi min ayatin litas haran a bih a fam a na hnu laka bimu/mineen a
132. And they said, "Whatever be the sign you bring to beguile us with, we will not believe in you."
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133 |
فَأَرْسَلْنَا عَلَيْهِمُ الطُّوفَانَ وَالْجَرَادَ وَالْقُمَّلَ وَالضَّفَادِعَ وَالدَّمَ آيَاتٍ مُّفَصَّلَاتٍ فَاسْتَكْبَرُوا وَكَانُوا قَوْمًا مُّجْرِمِينَ |
133. Faarsaln a AAalayhimu a lttoof ana wa aljar ada wa alqummala wa alddaf adiAAa wa alddama ay atin mufa ssal atin fa istakbaroo wak anoo qawman mujrimeen a
133. We then sent upon them the storm, the locusts, the lice, the frogs and the blood as distinct signs43; but they behaved haughtily and they were a sinning people.
43. These were some of the other signs that Allah Almighty showed to Pharaoh's people, besides those mentioned in Verse 107 and 108 above. These other signs were in the form of calamities afflicting the people in general. The Qur'aan does not explain what the sign of the blood was. And it is not at all necessary for us now to know the details thereof. What is sufficient for us to know now is that Allah did give a long rope to the recalcitrant people to bring them round.
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134 |
وَلَمَّا وَقَعَ عَلَيْهِمُ الرِّجْزُ قَالُوا يَا مُوسَى ادْعُ لَنَا رَبَّكَ بِمَا عَهِدَ عِندَكَ ۖ لَئِن كَشَفْتَ عَنَّا الرِّجْزَ لَنُؤْمِنَنَّ لَكَ وَلَنُرْسِلَنَّ مَعَكَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ |
134. Walamm a waqaAAa AAalayhimu a lrrijzu q aloo y a moos a odAAu lan a rabbaka bim a AAahida AAindaka la-in kashafta AAann a a lrrijza lanu/minanna laka walanursilanna maAAaka banee isr a-eel a
134. And when the calamity fell upon them, they said, "O Moses! Pray for us to your Lord as He has a covenant with you. If you remove the calamity from us, we will certainly believe in you and we will certainly send the children of Israel with you."
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135 |
فَلَمَّا كَشَفْنَا عَنْهُمُ الرِّجْزَ إِلَىٰ أَجَلٍ هُم بَالِغُوهُ إِذَا هُمْ يَنكُثُونَ |
135. Falamm a kashafn a AAanhumu a lrrijza il a ajalin hum b alighoohu i tha hum yankuthoon a
135. But when We removed the calamity from them for a term within which to fulfil their promise, they broke the promise!
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136 |
فَانتَقَمْنَا مِنْهُمْ فَأَغْرَقْنَاهُمْ فِي الْيَمِّ بِأَنَّهُمْ كَذَّبُوا بِآيَاتِنَا وَكَانُوا عَنْهَا غَافِلِينَ |
136. Fa intaqamn a minhum faaghraqn ahum fee alyammi bi-annahum ka ththaboo bi- ay atin a wak anoo AAanh a gh afileen a
136. We then took our revenge44 from them and drowned them in the sea because they rejected Our signs and paid no heed to them.
44. For the removal of any misconception in this regard, let me remind readers that 'revenge' means action taken in return for an offence.
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137 |
وَأَوْرَثْنَا الْقَوْمَ الَّذِينَ كَانُوا يُسْتَضْعَفُونَ مَشَارِقَ الْأَرْضِ وَمَغَارِبَهَا الَّتِي بَارَكْنَا فِيهَا ۖ وَتَمَّتْ كَلِمَتُ رَبِّكَ الْحُسْنَىٰ عَلَىٰ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ بِمَا صَبَرُوا ۖ وَدَمَّرْنَا مَا كَانَ يَصْنَعُ فِرْعَوْنُ وَقَوْمُهُ وَمَا كَانُوا يَعْرِشُونَ |
137. Waawrathn a alqawma alla theena k anoo yusta dAAafoona mash ariqa al-ar di wamagh aribah a allatee b arakn a feeh a watammat kalimatu rabbika al husn a AAal a banee isr a-eela bim a sabaroo wadammarn a m a k ana ya snaAAu firAAawnu waqawmuhu wam a k anoo yaAArishoon a
137. And We leased the lands to the East and to the West of the earth, in which We have placed Our Blessings,45 to the people deemed to be weak. And the good word of your Lord was fulfilled upon the Children of Israel because they bore up sufferings patiently. And We annihilated what Pharaoh and his people had wrought and what they had built.
45. The part of the earth referred to here roughly corresponds to what we now call the Middle East. The Children of Israel, during Solomon's time had suzerainty over the entire area. As we know now, the area is blessed with mineral oil.
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138 |
وَجَاوَزْنَا بِبَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ الْبَحْرَ فَأَتَوْا عَلَىٰ قَوْمٍ يَعْكُفُونَ عَلَىٰ أَصْنَامٍ لَّهُمْ ۚ قَالُوا يَا مُوسَى اجْعَل لَّنَا إِلَـٰهًا كَمَا لَهُمْ آلِهَةٌ ۚ قَالَ إِنَّكُمْ قَوْمٌ تَجْهَلُونَ |
138. Waj awazn a bibanee isr a-eela alba hra faataw AAal a qawmin yaAAkufoona AAal a a sn amin lahum q aloo y a moos a ijAAal lan a il ahan kam a lahum alihatun q ala innakum qawmun tajhaloon a
138. 46And We enabled the Children of Israel to cross the sea. Then they came upon a people given to the worship of their idols. They said, "O Moses! Make a god for us like the ones they have." He said, "You are indeed an ignorant people!
46. The leasing of the land to the Children of Israel, that was mentioned in the preceding Verse, did not happen immediately after the Pharaoh and his people were drowned, but centuries later. Now, in this Verse, the story of the exodus of the Children of Israel, under Moses, is resumed.
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139 |
إِنَّ هَـٰؤُلَاءِ مُتَبَّرٌ مَّا هُمْ فِيهِ وَبَاطِلٌ مَّا كَانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ |
139. Inna h aol a-i mutabbarun m a hum feehi wab atilun m a k anoo yaAAmaloon a
139. What these people are engrossed in is bound to be destroyed and what they do is all in vain."
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140 |
قَالَ أَغَيْرَ اللَّهِ أَبْغِيكُمْ إِلَـٰهًا وَهُوَ فَضَّلَكُمْ عَلَى الْعَالَمِينَ |
140. Q ala aghayra All ahi abgheekum il ahan wahuwa fa ddalakum AAal a alAA alameen a
140. He said, "Shall I seek for you a god other than Allah, while He has favoured you over the worlds!?"
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141 |
وَإِذْ أَنجَيْنَاكُم مِّنْ آلِ فِرْعَوْنَ يَسُومُونَكُمْ سُوءَ الْعَذَابِ ۖ يُقَتِّلُونَ أَبْنَاءَكُمْ وَيَسْتَحْيُونَ نِسَاءَكُمْ ۚ وَفِي ذَٰلِكُم بَلَاءٌ مِّن رَّبِّكُمْ عَظِيمٌ |
141. Wa-i th anjayn akum min ali firAAawna yasoomoonakum soo-a alAAa thabi yuqattiloona abn aakum wayasta hyoona nis aakum wafee thalikum bal aon min rabbikum AAa theem un
141. And when We delivered you from Pharaoh's people! They were inflicting on you a terrible torment: they were killing your sons and sparing the lives of your womenfolk. And therein was a mighty trial from your Lord!47
47. This Verse is almost verbatim a replica of Verse 2.49. Regarding repetitions in the Qur'aan, refer study note 2.124.
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142 |
۞ وَوَاعَدْنَا مُوسَىٰ ثَلَاثِينَ لَيْلَةً وَأَتْمَمْنَاهَا بِعَشْرٍ فَتَمَّ مِيقَاتُ رَبِّهِ أَرْبَعِينَ لَيْلَةً ۚ وَقَالَ مُوسَىٰ لِأَخِيهِ هَارُونَ اخْلُفْنِي فِي قَوْمِي وَأَصْلِحْ وَلَا تَتَّبِعْ سَبِيلَ الْمُفْسِدِينَ |
142. Waw aAAadn a moos a thal atheena laylatan waatmamn ah a biAAashrin fatamma meeq atu rabbihi arbaAAeena laylatan waq ala moos a li-akheehi h aroona okhlufnee fee qawmee waa sli h wal a tattabiAA sabeela almufsideen a
142. And We gave an appointment to Moses for thirty nights and extended the appointment by ten to complete the appointed time of his Lord to forty nights.48 And Moses said to his brother Aaron, "Be my representative among my people, be righteous and follow not the way of the mischief-makers.
48. This Verse gives more details of the forty nights mentioned in Verse 2.51.
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143 |
وَلَمَّا جَاءَ مُوسَىٰ لِمِيقَاتِنَا وَكَلَّمَهُ رَبُّهُ قَالَ رَبِّ أَرِنِي أَنظُرْ إِلَيْكَ ۚ قَالَ لَن تَرَانِي وَلَـٰكِنِ انظُرْ إِلَى الْجَبَلِ فَإِنِ اسْتَقَرَّ مَكَانَهُ فَسَوْفَ تَرَانِي ۚ فَلَمَّا تَجَلَّىٰ رَبُّهُ لِلْجَبَلِ جَعَلَهُ دَكًّا وَخَرَّ مُوسَىٰ صَعِقًا ۚ فَلَمَّا أَفَاقَ قَالَ سُبْحَانَكَ تُبْتُ إِلَيْكَ وَأَنَا أَوَّلُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ |
143. Walamm a j aa moos a limeeq atin a wakallamahu rabbuhu q ala rabbi arinee an thur ilayka q ala lan tar anee wal akini on thur il a aljabali fa-ini istaqarra mak anahu fasawfa tar anee falamm a tajall a rabbuhu liljabali jaAAalahu dakkan wakharra moos a saAAiqan falamm a af aqa q ala sub hanaka tubtu ilayka waan a awwalu almu/mineen a
143. And when Moses came at Our appointed time and his Lord spoke to him, he said, "My Lord! Reveal yourself to me so that I may see You." He said, "You cannot see Me, but look at the mountain. If it remains firm in its place, then will you see Me." But when his Lord manifested His glory to the mountain, He made it crumble and Moses fell down in a swoon. Then when he recovered, he said, "Glory to You! I turn to You in repentence, and I am the first of the believers."
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144 |
قَالَ يَا مُوسَىٰ إِنِّي اصْطَفَيْتُكَ عَلَى النَّاسِ بِرِسَالَاتِي وَبِكَلَامِي فَخُذْ مَا آتَيْتُكَ وَكُن مِّنَ الشَّاكِرِينَ |
144. Q ala y a moos a innee i stafaytuka AAal a a lnn asi biris al atee wabikal amee fakhu th m a ataytuka wakun mina a lshsh akireen a
144. He said, "O Moses! I have indeed distinguished you above the people with My Messages and with My speaking to you directly. So hold on to what I give you and be of the grateful ones."
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145 |
وَكَتَبْنَا لَهُ فِي الْأَلْوَاحِ مِن كُلِّ شَيْءٍ مَّوْعِظَةً وَتَفْصِيلًا لِّكُلِّ شَيْءٍ فَخُذْهَا بِقُوَّةٍ وَأْمُرْ قَوْمَكَ يَأْخُذُوا بِأَحْسَنِهَا ۚ سَأُرِيكُمْ دَارَ الْفَاسِقِينَ |
145. Wakatabn a lahu fee al-alw ahi min kulli shay-in mawAAi thatan wataf seelan likulli shay-in fakhu thh a biquwwatin wa/mur qawmaka ya/khu thoo bi-a hsanih a saoreekum d ara alf asiqeen a
145. And We wrote down for him in the tablets49, 50 every kind of advice/admonition, and everything in detail. "So hold on to them firmly and enjoin your people to hold on to the excellence thereof. I will show you where the transgressors abide."
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146 |
سَأَصْرِفُ عَنْ آيَاتِيَ الَّذِينَ يَتَكَبَّرُونَ فِي الْأَرْضِ بِغَيْرِ الْحَقِّ وَإِن يَرَوْا كُلَّ آيَةٍ لَّا يُؤْمِنُوا بِهَا وَإِن يَرَوْا سَبِيلَ الرُّشْدِ لَا يَتَّخِذُوهُ سَبِيلًا وَإِن يَرَوْا سَبِيلَ الْغَيِّ يَتَّخِذُوهُ سَبِيلًا ۚ ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمْ كَذَّبُوا بِآيَاتِنَا وَكَانُوا عَنْهَا غَافِلِينَ |
146. Saa srifu AAan ay atiya alla theena yatakabbaroona fee al-ar di bighayri al haqqi wa-in yaraw kulla ayatin l a yu/minoo bih a wa-in yaraw sabeela a lrrushdi l a yattakhi thoohu sabeelan wa-in yaraw sabeela alghayyi yattakhi thoohu sabeelan thalika bi-annahum ka ththaboo bi- ay atin a wak anoo AAanh a gh afileen a
146. I will turn away from My Verses/signs those who are unjustly proud on the earth. And even if they see every sign, they will not believe in it. And if they see the way of rectitude, they do not take it. And if they see the way of error, they take it! This is because they rejected Our Verses/signs and were heedless of them.
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147 |
وَالَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا بِآيَاتِنَا وَلِقَاءِ الْآخِرَةِ حَبِطَتْ أَعْمَالُهُمْ ۚ هَلْ يُجْزَوْنَ إِلَّا مَا كَانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ |
147. Wa alla theena ka ththaboo bi- ay atin a waliq a-i al- akhirati habi tat aAAm aluhum hal yujzawna ill a m a k anoo yaAAmaloon a
147. And as for those who reject Our Verses/signs and the meeting of the Hereafter, their deeds have gone in vain. Shall they be rewarded except for what they have done?
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148 |
وَاتَّخَذَ قَوْمُ مُوسَىٰ مِن بَعْدِهِ مِنْ حُلِيِّهِمْ عِجْلًا جَسَدًا لَّهُ خُوَارٌ ۚ أَلَمْ يَرَوْا أَنَّهُ لَا يُكَلِّمُهُمْ وَلَا يَهْدِيهِمْ سَبِيلًا ۘ اتَّخَذُوهُ وَكَانُوا ظَالِمِينَ |
148. Wa ittakha tha qawmu moos a min baAAdihi min huliyyihim AAijlan jasadan lahu khuw arun alam yaraw annahu l a yukallimuhum wal a yahdeehim sabeelan ittakha thoohu wak anoo thalimeen a
148. And Moses' people, after he left, made a calf of their ornaments - just a body, which emanated a sound.51 Could they not see that it did not speak to them nor guide them to any way? They took to it and indulged in wrong-doing.
51. Verse 20.88 informs us that the calf made of ornaments was considered as a god worthy of worship!
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149 |
وَلَمَّا سُقِطَ فِي أَيْدِيهِمْ وَرَأَوْا أَنَّهُمْ قَدْ ضَلُّوا قَالُوا لَئِن لَّمْ يَرْحَمْنَا رَبُّنَا وَيَغْفِرْ لَنَا لَنَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الْخَاسِرِينَ |
149. Walamm a suqi ta fee aydeehim waraaw annahum qad dalloo q aloo la-in lam yar hamn a rabbun a wayaghfir lan a lanakoonanna mina alkh asireen a
149. And when they repented and saw that they had gone astray, they said, "Should our Lord show no mercy on us and forgive us, we shall certainly be of those who are doomed."
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150 |
وَلَمَّا رَجَعَ مُوسَىٰ إِلَىٰ قَوْمِهِ غَضْبَانَ أَسِفًا قَالَ بِئْسَمَا خَلَفْتُمُونِي مِن بَعْدِي ۖ أَعَجِلْتُمْ أَمْرَ رَبِّكُمْ ۖ وَأَلْقَى الْأَلْوَاحَ وَأَخَذَ بِرَأْسِ أَخِيهِ يَجُرُّهُ إِلَيْهِ ۚ قَالَ ابْنَ أُمَّ إِنَّ الْقَوْمَ اسْتَضْعَفُونِي وَكَادُوا يَقْتُلُونَنِي فَلَا تُشْمِتْ بِيَ الْأَعْدَاءَ وَلَا تَجْعَلْنِي مَعَ الْقَوْمِ الظَّالِمِينَ |
150. Walamm a rajaAAa moos a il a qawmihi gha db ana asifan q ala bi/sam a khalaftumoonee min baAAdee aAAajiltum amra rabbikum waalq a al-alw aha waakha tha bira/si akheehi yajurruhu ilayhi q ala ibna omma inna alqawma ista dAAafoonee wak adoo yaqtuloonanee fal a tushmit biya al-aAAd aa wal a tajAAalnee maAAa alqawmi a lththalimeen a
150. And when Moses returned to his people, in anger and grief, he said, "What an evil thing you have done after I left! Were you so hasty for the command of your Lord?52" And he threw down the tablets and caught hold of his brother by the head, dragging him towards him. He said, "Son of my mother! Indeed, the people reckoned me weak and had almost killed me. So make not the enemies gloat over me and do not count me among the wicked people."
52. Moses was chiding his people that they did not wait till he returned to them with Allah's commands. They were so impatient that they created their own false god in the form of the golden calf!
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151 |
قَالَ رَبِّ اغْفِرْ لِي وَلِأَخِي وَأَدْخِلْنَا فِي رَحْمَتِكَ ۖ وَأَنتَ أَرْحَمُ الرَّاحِمِينَ | |
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151. Q ala rabbi ighfir lee wali-akhee waadkhiln a fee ra hmatika waanta ar hamu a lrr ahimeen a
151. He said, "My Lord! Forgive me and my brother and admit us to Your Mercy, and You are the Most Merciful."
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152 |
إِنَّ الَّذِينَ اتَّخَذُوا الْعِجْلَ سَيَنَالُهُمْ غَضَبٌ مِّن رَّبِّهِمْ وَذِلَّةٌ فِي الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا ۚ وَكَذَٰلِكَ نَجْزِي الْمُفْتَرِينَ | |
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152. Inna alla theena ittakha thoo alAAijla sayan aluhum gha dabun min rabbihim wa thillatun fee al hay ati a ldduny a waka thalika najzee almuftareen a
152. Those indeed who took to the calf, wrath from their Lord and disgrace in this world's life shall overtake them, and thus do We recompense the fabricators of lies.
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153 |
وَالَّذِينَ عَمِلُوا السَّيِّئَاتِ ثُمَّ تَابُوا مِن بَعْدِهَا وَآمَنُوا إِنَّ رَبَّكَ مِن بَعْدِهَا لَغَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ | |
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153. Wa alla theena AAamiloo a lssayyi- ati thumma t aboo min baAAdih a wa amanoo inna rabbaka min baAAdih a laghafoorun ra heem un
153. And your Lord is indeed Forgiving and Merciful to those who do evil deeds, but then repent thereafter and believe.
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154 |
وَلَمَّا سَكَتَ عَن مُّوسَى الْغَضَبُ أَخَذَ الْأَلْوَاحَ ۖ وَفِي نُسْخَتِهَا هُدًى وَرَحْمَةٌ لِّلَّذِينَ هُمْ لِرَبِّهِمْ يَرْهَبُونَ | |
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154. Walamm a sakata AAan moos a algha dabu akha tha al-alw aha wafee nuskhatih a hudan wara hmatun lilla theena hum lirabbihim yarhaboon a
154. And when Moses calmed down, he took up the tablets. And in the inscription thereof, there was guidance and mercy for those who fear their Lord.
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155 |
وَاخْتَارَ مُوسَىٰ قَوْمَهُ سَبْعِينَ رَجُلًا لِّمِيقَاتِنَا ۖ فَلَمَّا أَخَذَتْهُمُ الرَّجْفَةُ قَالَ رَبِّ لَوْ شِئْتَ أَهْلَكْتَهُم مِّن قَبْلُ وَإِيَّايَ ۖ أَتُهْلِكُنَا بِمَا فَعَلَ السُّفَهَاءُ مِنَّا ۖ إِنْ هِيَ إِلَّا فِتْنَتُكَ تُضِلُّ بِهَا مَن تَشَاءُ وَتَهْدِي مَن تَشَاءُ ۖ أَنتَ وَلِيُّنَا فَاغْفِرْ لَنَا وَارْحَمْنَا ۖ وَأَنتَ خَيْرُ الْغَافِرِينَ |
155. Wa ikht ara moos a qawmahu sabAAeena rajulan limeeq atin a falamm a akha that-humu a lrrajfatu q ala rabbi law shi/ta ahlaktahum min qablu wa-iyy aya atuhlikun a bim a faAAala a lssufah ao minn a in hiya ill a fitnatuka tu dillu bih a man tash ao watahdee man tash ao anta waliyyun a fa ighfir lan a wa ir hamn a waanta khayru algh afireen a
155. And Moses chose from his people seventy men for the appointment with Us.53 So when the violent shaking seized them, he said, "My Lord! Had You so willed, You could have destroyed them before - and me too. Will You destroy us for what the fools among us have done? It is indeed nothing but a trial from You. You make whom You will to go astray with it and You guide whom You will. You are our Wali54. So forgive us and have mercy on us, and You are the best of the forgivers."
53. From the later context in this very Verse, it is apparent that the purpose of the appointment was to ask Allah for forgiveness of Moses' people for their folly of taking the man-made golden calf as their god.
54. For the comprehensive Qur'aanic meaning of Wali, refer study note 2.154.
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156 |
۞ وَاكْتُبْ لَنَا فِي هَـٰذِهِ الدُّنْيَا حَسَنَةً وَفِي الْآخِرَةِ إِنَّا هُدْنَا إِلَيْكَ ۚ قَالَ عَذَابِي أُصِيبُ بِهِ مَنْ أَشَاءُ ۖ وَرَحْمَتِي وَسِعَتْ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ ۚ فَسَأَكْتُبُهَا لِلَّذِينَ يَتَّقُونَ وَيُؤْتُونَ الزَّكَاةَ وَالَّذِينَ هُم بِآيَاتِنَا يُؤْمِنُونَ |
156. Wa oktub lan a fee h athihi a ldduny a hasanatan wafee al- akhirati inn a hudn a ilayka q ala AAa thabee o seebu bihi man ash ao wara hmatee wasiAAat kulla shay-in fasaaktubuh a lilla theena yattaqoona wayu/toona a lzzak ata wa alla theena hum bi- ay atin a yu/minoon a
156. "And ordain for us good in this world and in the Hereafter, for indeed we turn to You for guidance." He said, "I inflict My punishment on whom I will. And My mercy covers all things, and I ordain it for those who are pious, give in charity, and believe in Our Verses/signs."
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157 |
الَّذِينَ يَتَّبِعُونَ الرَّسُولَ النَّبِيَّ الْأُمِّيَّ الَّذِي يَجِدُونَهُ مَكْتُوبًا عِندَهُمْ فِي التَّوْرَاةِ وَالْإِنجِيلِ يَأْمُرُهُم بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَيَنْهَاهُمْ عَنِ الْمُنكَرِ وَيُحِلُّ لَهُمُ الطَّيِّبَاتِ وَيُحَرِّمُ عَلَيْهِمُ الْخَبَائِثَ وَيَضَعُ عَنْهُمْ إِصْرَهُمْ وَالْأَغْلَالَ الَّتِي كَانَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ ۚ فَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا بِهِ وَعَزَّرُوهُ وَنَصَرُوهُ وَاتَّبَعُوا النُّورَ الَّذِي أُنزِلَ مَعَهُ ۙ أُولَـٰئِكَ هُمُ الْمُفْلِحُونَ |
157. Alla theena yattabiAAoona a lrrasoola a lnnabiyya al-ommiyya alla thee yajidoonahu maktooban AAindahum fee a lttawr ati wa al-injeeli ya/muruhum bi almaAAroofi wayanh ahum AAani almunkari wayu hillu lahumu a lttayyib ati wayu harrimu AAalayhimu alkhab a-itha waya daAAu AAanhum i srahum wa al-aghl ala allatee k anat AAalayhim fa alla theena amanoo bihi waAAazzaroohu wana saroohu wa ittabaAAoo a lnnoora alla thee onzila maAAahu ol a-ika humu almufli hoon a
157. Those who follow the unlettered Messenger-Prophet, whom they find mentioned with them in the Torah and the Gospel, who enjoins them to do good things and forbids them from bad things, and makes pure, wholesome things lawful to them and impure things unlawful, and removes from them their burden and the fetters which were upon them.55 So then those who believe in him, honour him and help him, and follow the light56 which has been sent down with him - those it is that succeed.
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158 |
قُلْ يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ إِلَيْكُمْ جَمِيعًا الَّذِي لَهُ مُلْكُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ ۖ لَا إِلَـٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ يُحْيِي وَيُمِيتُ ۖ فَآمِنُوا بِاللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ النَّبِيِّ الْأُمِّيِّ الَّذِي يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَكَلِمَاتِهِ وَاتَّبِعُوهُ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَهْتَدُونَ |
158. Qul y a ayyuh a a lnn asu innee rasoolu All ahi ilaykum jameeAAan alla thee lahu mulku a lssam aw ati wa al-ar di l a il aha ill a huwa yu hyee wayumeetu fa aminoo bi All ahi warasoolihi a lnnabiyyi al-ommiyyi alla thee yu/minu bi All ahi wakalim atihi wa ittabiAAoohu laAAallakum tahtadoon a
158. Say, "O people! I am indeed the Messenger, to you all, of Allah, Whose is the absolute suzerainty over the heavens and the earth. There is no god but He. He gives life and causes death." So believe in Allah and His Messenger, the unlettered Prophet, who believes in Allah and His words. And follow him so that you are on the right path.
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159 |
وَمِن قَوْمِ مُوسَىٰ أُمَّةٌ يَهْدُونَ بِالْحَقِّ وَبِهِ يَعْدِلُونَ |
159. Wamin qawmi moos a ommatun yahdoona bi al haqqi wabihi yaAAdiloon a
159. And of Moses' people was a group, who guided with the truth, and therewih did they judge.
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160 |
وَقَطَّعْنَاهُمُ اثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ أَسْبَاطًا أُمَمًا ۚ وَأَوْحَيْنَا إِلَىٰ مُوسَىٰ إِذِ اسْتَسْقَاهُ قَوْمُهُ أَنِ اضْرِب بِّعَصَاكَ الْحَجَرَ ۖ فَانبَجَسَتْ مِنْهُ اثْنَتَا عَشْرَةَ عَيْنًا ۖ قَدْ عَلِمَ كُلُّ أُنَاسٍ مَّشْرَبَهُمْ ۚ وَظَلَّلْنَا عَلَيْهِمُ الْغَمَامَ وَأَنزَلْنَا عَلَيْهِمُ الْمَنَّ وَالسَّلْوَىٰ ۖ كُلُوا مِن طَيِّبَاتِ مَا رَزَقْنَاكُمْ ۚ وَمَا ظَلَمُونَا وَلَـٰكِن كَانُوا أَنفُسَهُمْ يَظْلِمُونَ |
160. Waqa ttaAAn ahumu ithnatay AAashrata asb atan omaman waaw hayn a il a moos a i thi istasq ahu qawmuhu ani i drib biAAa saka al hajara fa inbajasat minhu ithnat a AAashrata AAaynan qad AAalima kullu on asin mashrabahum wa thallaln a AAalayhimu algham ama waanzaln a AAalayhimu almanna wa alssalw a kuloo min tayyib ati m a razaqn akum wam a thalamoon a wal akin k anoo anfusahum ya thlimoon a
160. And We divided them into twelve tribal groups. And when his people asked Moses for water, We informed him, "Strike the rock with your staff!" There then gushed forth twelve springs therefrom. Thus did all come to know their respective sources of drinking water. And We made the clouds to provide shelter over them and We sent to them manna and quails57. "Eat of the good things We have provided for you." And they did not do Us any harm, but they did injustice to their own souls.58
57. These were divinely provided sources of food.
58. This last sentence of the Verse is a divine reflexion on the intransigence of Moses' people, despite Allah's numerous favours on them.
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161 |
وَإِذْ قِيلَ لَهُمُ اسْكُنُوا هَـٰذِهِ الْقَرْيَةَ وَكُلُوا مِنْهَا حَيْثُ شِئْتُمْ وَقُولُوا حِطَّةٌ وَادْخُلُوا الْبَابَ سُجَّدًا نَّغْفِرْ لَكُمْ خَطِيئَاتِكُمْ ۚ سَنَزِيدُ الْمُحْسِنِينَ |
161. Wa-i th qeela lahumu oskunoo h athihi alqaryata wakuloo minh a haythu shi/tum waqooloo hi ttatun wa odkhuloo alb aba sujjadan naghfir lakum kha tee- atikum sanazeedu almu hsineen a
161. And when it was said to them, "Reside in this place of habitation and eat wherever you wish therefrom, and say, 'hittatun59.' And enter the gate prostrating. We will forgive you your wrong-doings. We will give more to those who do good."
59. In other words, the Children of Israel were asked to pray for forgiveness.
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162 |
فَبَدَّلَ الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا مِنْهُمْ قَوْلًا غَيْرَ الَّذِي قِيلَ لَهُمْ فَأَرْسَلْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ رِجْزًا مِّنَ السَّمَاءِ بِمَا كَانُوا يَظْلِمُونَ |
162. Fabaddala alla theena thalamoo minhum qawlan ghayra alla thee qeela lahum faarsaln a AAalayhim rijzan mina a lssam a-i bim a k anoo ya thlimoon a
162. But then those who were wicked among them changed it for a word other than that which they had been told to utter. So We sent down upon them a calamity from the heavens because they were wicked.60
60. Please see study note 2.62 in this regard.
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163 |
وَاسْأَلْهُمْ عَنِ الْقَرْيَةِ الَّتِي كَانَتْ حَاضِرَةَ الْبَحْرِ إِذْ يَعْدُونَ فِي السَّبْتِ إِذْ تَأْتِيهِمْ حِيتَانُهُمْ يَوْمَ سَبْتِهِمْ شُرَّعًا وَيَوْمَ لَا يَسْبِتُونَ ۙ لَا تَأْتِيهِمْ ۚ كَذَٰلِكَ نَبْلُوهُم بِمَا كَانُوا يَفْسُقُونَ |
163. Wa is-alhum AAani alqaryati allatee k anat hadirata alba hri i th yaAAdoona fee a lssabti i th ta/teehim heet anuhum yawma sabtihim shurraAAan wayawma l a yasbitoona l a ta/teehim ka thalika nabloohum bim a k anoo yafsuqoon a
163. And ask them about the place of human habitation which stood by the sea, where they crossed the limits of the Sabbath61: their fish came to them, up on the surface of the water, on the day of their Sabbath, and not on other days! Thus did We try them because they transgressed.
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"... This day, I (God) have pefected your Way of Life for you,
completed my favour upon you,
and have chosen for you Islam as your Way of Life. ..."
[Qur'aan: Chapter 5, Verse 3]
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QSV-XVII
