31 Qul man yarzuqukum mina alssamai waalardi amman yamliku alssamAAa waalabsara waman yukhriju alhayya mina almayyiti wayukhriju almayyita mina alhayyi waman yudabbiru alamra fasayaqooloona Allahu faqul afala tattaqoona

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31. Ask them, “Who provides for you mean of sustenance from the heavens and the earth? Or Who controls the hearing and the sights? And Who brings out the living from the dead, and the dead from the living? And Who plans the affairs prudently and executes them well?” They will reply, “Allah.” Then ask, “Won’t you then fear Him!?”

32 Fathalikumu Allahu rabbukumu alhaqqu famatha baAAda alhaqqi illa alddalalu faanna tusrafoona

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32. This then is Allah, your true Lord! And what remains there after the truth but error? How could you then be turned away from this Absolute Truth?

33 Kathalika haqqat kalimatu rabbika AAala allatheena fasaqoo annahum la yuminoona

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33. Thus¹² is your Lord's word, that they will not believe, proved true with regard to such as defiantly disobey Allah.

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12. I.e. the transgressors’ being defiantly disobedient of Allah Almighty, despite the unreasonableness of the transgression, as shown in Verses 31 and 32 above.

34 Qul hal min shurakaikum man yabdao alkhalqa thumma yuAAeeduhu quli Allahu yabdao alkhalqa thumma yuAAeeduhu faanna tufakoona

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34. Say, “Is there any one among those whom you worship besides Allah, who can pioneer the creation and then reproduce it?” Say, “Allah pioneers the creation and then He reproduces it. How could you then indulge in worshipping those false deities?”

35 Qul hal min shurakaikum man yahdee ila alhaqqi quli Allahu yahdee lilhaqqi afaman yahdee ila alhaqqi ahaqqu an yuttabaAAa amman la yahiddee illa an yuhda fama lakum kayfa tahkumoona

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35. Say, “Is there anyone, among those whom you worship besides Allah, who guides to the truth?” Say, “Allah it is Who guides to the truth. Is He then Who guides to the truth more worthy to be followed, or he who himself does not go aright unless he is guided? What’s the matter with you? How wrongly do you make your decisions?”

36 Wama yattabiAAu aktharuhum illa thannan inna alththanna la yughnee mina alhaqqi shayan inna Allaha AAaleemun bima yafAAaloona

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36. And most of them do not follow anything but conjecture. Conjecture will avail nothing indeed against the Truth. Allah is indeed aware of what they do.

37 Wama kana hatha alquranu an yuftara min dooni Allahi walakin tasdeeqa allathee bayna yadayhi watafseela alkitabi la rayba feehi min rabbi alAAalameena

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37. And this Quran is not such as could be forged by those besides Allah. But it is a confirmation of what came before it. And it is, no doubt, the book, explained in details, from the Lord of the worlds.¹³

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13. When the Lord Himself confirms that the Qur’aan is a detailed instruction Book for mankind, it is nothing short of blasphemy to say - as do many of our religious leaders - that the Qur’aan is not detailed and needs the ahaadeeth for providing the details!

38 Am yaqooloona iftarahu qul fatoo bisooratin mithlihi waodAAoo mani istataAAtum min dooni Allahi in kuntum sadiqeena

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38. Or do they say that he (the Prophet) has forged it? Say, “Then bring a chapter like this and invite whom you can, besides Allah, if you are truthful.”¹⁴

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14. Refer study note 16 on Verse 2.23 in this context.

39 Bal kaththaboo bima lam yuheetoo biAAilmihi walamma yatihim taweeluhu kathalika kaththaba allatheena min qablihim faonthur kayfa kana AAaqibatu alththalimeena

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39. Nay, they reject all that is beyond their knowledge and comprehension, as false. So did those before them.  And see what happened to those wicked people¹⁵!

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15. I.e., the people like those of Noah, Lot and the Pharaoh,.

40 Waminhum man yuminu bihi waminhum man la yuminu bihi warabbuka aAAlamu bialmufsideena

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40. And of them is he who believes in it¹⁶ and of them is he who does not believe in it, and your Lord knows the troublemakers.

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16. The existence of things that are beyond human knowledge and comprehension.

41 Wain kaththabooka faqul lee AAamalee walakum AAamalukum antum bareeoona mimma aAAmalu waana bareeon mimma taAAmaloona

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41. And if they belie you, say, “I am responsible for what I do and you, for what you do. You are free of any responsibility for what I do and I am free of any responsibility for what you do.

42 Waminhum man yastamiAAoona ilayka afaanta tusmiAAu alssumma walaw kanoo la yaAAqiloona

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42. And there are those of them who appear to be listening to you. But can you make the deaf to listen even when they cannot understand?

43 Waminhum man yanthuru ilayka afaanta tahdee alAAumya walaw kanoo la yubsiroona

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43. And there are those of them who appear to be looking at you. But can you give guidance to the blind even when they cannot see?

44 Inna Allaha la yathlimu alnnasa shayan walakinna alnnasa anfusahum yathlimoona

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44. Indeed, Allah does not wrong mankind, but they wrong themselves.

45 Wayawma yahshuruhum kaan lam yalbathoo illa saAAatan mina alnnahari yataAAarafoona baynahum qad khasira allatheena kaththaboo biliqai Allahi wama kanoo muhtadeena

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45. And on the day He will resurrect them and gather them all together, they will feel as if they were in the world but for a moment of daytime, to get acquainted with one another. Those who belied their meeting with Allah are indeed doomed, and they were not on right guidance.

46 Waimma nuriyannaka baAAda allathee naAAiduhum aw natawaffayannaka failayna marjiAAuhum thumma Allahu shaheedun AAala ma yafAAaloona

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46. And if We show you some of the things We promised to them, or if We cause you to die, yet to Us is their return, and Allah is witness to what they do.

47 Walikulli ommatin rasoolun faitha jaa rasooluhum qudiya baynahum bialqisti wahum la yuthlamoona

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47. And every Ummah¹⁷ had a Messenger. And when their Messenger came, their matters were decided equitably among them and they were not wronged.¹⁸

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17. The Arabic word connotes the entire populace for whom any Messenger of Allah was sent. Muhammad (peace and Allah’s blessings upon him) was sent for all mankind till the Last Day. So his Ummah includes all mankind that inhabited this earth and would inhabit this earth from the day he was appointed as Messenger till the Last Day.

18. The Muslims, in today’s world, are a disgraced community. Even when they are the custodians of the last divine Message. Why? Aren’t they thus wronged? Not al all! They deserve the disgrace. For, despite having the Maker’s Own Manual in their hands, they refuse to conduct their lives as per instructions therein!

48 Wayaqooloona mata hatha alwaAAdu in kuntum sadiqeena

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48. And they ask, “When will this prophecy come about, if what you say is true?”

49 Qul la amliku linafsee darran wala nafAAan illa ma shaa Allahu likulli ommatin ajalun itha jaa ajaluhum fala yastakhiroona saAAatan wala yastaqdimoona

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49. Say, “I have no control over any harm, or any benefit, coming to me, except what Allah pleases. Every Ummah has its term. When their term comes, they shall not then remain here a moment more, nor can they go before their time.”

50 Qul araaytum in atakum AAathabuhu bayatan aw naharan matha yastaAAjilu minhu almujrimoona

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50. Say, “Have you ever considered that if His punishment overtakes you by night or by day, what then would there be for the sinners to ask for hastening of?”¹⁹

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19. Verse 49 contains the answer to the query posed in Verse 48 above. Verses 50 and 51 (below) drive the point home by telling the non-believers that if Allah Almighty were to punish them the moment they committed any offence, they would not get the opportunity either to demand hastening of their punishment or for their own reform.

51 Athumma itha ma waqaAAa amantum bihi alana waqad kuntum bihi tastaAAjiloona

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51. And will you believe in it only when it comes to pass? Now - when you already had wished to have it hastened on?

52 Thumma qeela lillatheena thalamoo thooqoo AAathaba alkhuldi hal tujzawna illa bima kuntum taksiboona

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52. Then those who wronged shall be told, “Taste the everlasting punishment! Was it not but what you earned?”

53 Wayastanbioonaka ahaqqun huwa qul ee warabbee innahu lahaqqun wama antum bimuAAjizeena

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53. And they ask you, “Is that true?” Say, “Yes! By my Lord, it is indeed the truth. And you cannot elude it.”

54 Walaw anna likulli nafsin thalamat ma fee alardi laiftadat bihi waasarroo alnnadamata lamma raawoo alAAathaba waqudiya baynahum bialqisti wahum la yuthlamoona

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54. And had every unjust Person all that is in the earth, he would certainly offer it to ransom himself. And they will feel regret in their hearts the moment they see the punishment they would be made to suffer. And all matters concerning them shall be equitably decided and they shall not be wronged.

55 Ala inna lillahi ma fee alssamawati waalardi ala inna waAAda Allahi haqqun walakinna aktharahum la yaAAlamoona

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55. Beware! To Allah does certainly belong all that is in the heavens and the earth. Beware! Allah's promise is indeed true, but most of them know not.

56 Huwa yuhyee wayumeetu wailayhi turjaAAoona

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56. He it is Who gives life and causes death, and to Him you shall be returned!

57 Ya ayyuha alnnasu qad jaatkum mawAAithatun min rabbikum washifaon lima fee alssudoori wahudan warahmatun lilmumineena

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57. O mankind! Admonition from your Lord - and remedy for what the hearts harbour, and guidance and mercy for the believers - has surely come to you.

58 Qul bifadli Allahi wabirahmatihi fabithalika falyafrahoo huwa khayrun mimma yajmaAAoona

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58. Say, “In the grace of Allah and in His mercy - in that they should rejoice. That is better than what they gather.”

59 Qul araaytum ma anzala Allahu lakum min rizqin fajaAAaltum minhu haraman wahalalan qul allahu athina lakum am AAala Allahi taftaroona

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59. Say, “Do you see that of that which Allah has sent down for you as sustenance, you make a part of it unlawful and a part, lawful.” Say, “Has Allah commanded you to do so? Or do you forge a lie against Allah?”

60 Wama thannu allatheena yaftaroona AAala Allahi alkathiba yawma alqiyamati inna Allaha lathoo fadlin AAala alnnasi walakinna aktharahum la yashkuroona

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60. And what will be the thought of those who forge lies against Allah on the day of Resurrection? Allah is indeed full of grace for mankind, but most of them are ungrateful.

61 Wama takoonu fee shanin wama tatloo minhu min quranin wala taAAmaloona min AAamalin illa kunna AAalaykum shuhoodan ith tufeedoona feehi wama yaAAzubu AAan rabbika min mithqali tharratin fee alardi wala fee alssamai wala asghara min thalika wala akbara illa fee kitabin mubeenun

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61. And you are engaged not in anything, and you read not concerning it in any portion of the Qur’aan, and you do not do any deed, but We are witnesses over you when you get involved therein. And not an atom-weight of anything, in the earth or in the heavens, lies concealed from your Lord. Nor is there anything less than that or greater, but recorded in a book manifest.

62 Ala inna awliyaa Allahi la khawfun AAalayhim wala hum yahzanoona

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62. Verily, those that are close to Allah²⁰ shall indeed have no fear. Nor shall they grieve.

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20. Refer study note 154 under Verse 2.107. The next 2 Verses, 63 and 64, further describe those who are close to (awliya of) Allah.

63 Allatheena amanoo wakanoo yattaqoona

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63. Those that believe and fear Allah.

64 Lahumu albushra fee alhayati alddunya wafee alakhirati la tabdeela likalimati Allahi thalika huwa alfawzu alAAatheemu

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64. For them there is good news in this world's life and in the Hereafter. - Allah’s words never change! - That is the greatest achievement.

65 Wala yahzunka qawluhum inna alAAizzata lillahi jameeAAan huwa alssameeAAu alAAaleemu

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65. And let not what they say grieve you. To Allah indeed belongs all the honour²¹. He is the One Who hears and knows all things.

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21. Man is wont to have a false sense of honour. He tends to forget that he is merely a creature. It was this false sense of honour (pride) that caused Satan’s downfall. He disobeyed Allah’s command to prostrate before Adam because the latter was created of matter while he himself was created of energy. This satanic trait is inherent in man also. It is this false sense of honour that generates violence among individuals and nations. It can prove to be his downfall like that of Satan. It can cause grief in him. A is grieved when B accuses him falsely. A wouldn’t grieve if he strongly believes that Allah hears and knows everything.

66 Ala inna lillahi man fee alssamawati waman fee alardi wama yattabiAAu allatheena yadAAoona min dooni Allahi shurakaa in yattabiAAoona illa alththanna wain hum illa yakhrusoona

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66. Verily, indeed, to Allah belongs whatever there is in the heavens and whatever there is in the earth. And they, who call on others besides Allah, follow not any associates of His! They follow not but conjectures and they do not but guess.

67 Huwa allathee jaAAala lakumu allayla litaskunoo feehi waalnnahara mubsiran inna fee thalika laayatin liqawmin yasmaAAoona

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67. He it is Who made for you the night that you might rest in it, and the day wherein one can see things clearly. Indeed, there are signs therein for people who would hear.²²

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22. The night and the day are not man-made. These are intentionally caused obviously by that Intelligent Being, Who has created the entire universe, for the convenience of man and other living creatures on the surface of this earth. These creatures cannot go on working indefinitely without a break. They need rest. This is one of the innumerable signs that the Creator has not neglected to provide any need of His creatures. But, alas, man, by and large, remains ungrateful! He won’t listen to anyone pointing out such clear signs to him.

68 Qaloo ittakhatha Allahu waladan subhanahu huwa alghaniyyu lahu ma fee alssamawati wama fee alardi in AAindakum min sultanin bihatha ataqooloona AAala Allahi ma la taAAlamoona

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68. They say, “Allah has got a son!” Glorified is He - the Self-sufficient. His is what is in the heavens and what is in the earth. You have no authority over any of this. How can you say about Allah what you do not know?

69 Qul inna allatheena yaftaroona AAala Allahi alkathiba la yuflihoona

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69. Say, “They, who forge a lie about Allah, shall not succeed!”

70 MataAAun fee alddunya thumma ilayna marjiAAuhum thumma nutheequhumu alAAathaba alshshadeeda bima kanoo yakfuroona

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70. They have a provision for this world. Then to Us shall be their return. Then We shall make them taste severe punishment because they suppressed the Truth.

71 Waotlu AAalayhim nabaa noohin ith qala liqawmihi ya qawmi in kana kabura AAalaykum maqamee watathkeeree biayati Allahi faAAala Allahi tawakkaltu faajmiAAoo amrakum washurakaakum thumma la yakun amrukum AAalaykum ghummatan thumma iqdoo ilayya wala tunthirooni

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71. And recite to them the story of Noah when he said to his people, “O my people! If my stay and my reminding (you) by the signs/Verses of Allah is hard on you - and on Allah yet do I rely - then combine your efforts and of those whom you worship besides Allah, then let not your effort remain dubious to you, then have it executed against me and give me no respite.”

72 Fain tawallaytum fama saaltukum min ajrin in ajriya illa AAala Allahi waomirtu an akoona mina almuslimeena

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72. “And if you turn away, I did not ask for any reward from you; my reward is only with Allah. And I am commanded that I should be of those who submit.”

73 Fakaththaboohu fanajjaynahu waman maAAahu fee alfulki wajaAAalnahum khalaifa waaghraqna allatheena kaththaboo biayatina faonthur kayfa kana AAaqibatu almunthareena

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73. Then they rejected him, so We saved him, and those with him, in the ark, and We made them vicegerents²³ and drowned those who rejected Our Verses/signs. See then what happened in the end to those who were warned.

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23. Refer study notes 22 to 25 on Verse 2.30 for the Qur’aanic meaning of khalaif (plural of khalifa).

74 Thumma baAAathna min baAAdihi rusulan ila qawmihim fajaoohum bialbayyinati fama kanoo liyuminoo bima kaththaboo bihi min qablu kathalika natbaAAu AAala quloobi almuAAtadeena

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74. Then did We raise up after him Messengers to their people, and they came to them with clear evidences. But they could not believe in what they had rejected before. Thus it is that We set seals upon the hearts of those who exceed the limits.

75 Thumma baAAathna min baAAdihim moosa waharoona ila firAAawna wamalaihi biayatina faistakbaroo wakanoo qawman mujrimeena

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75. Then did We raise up after them Moses and Aaron and send them to Pharaoh and his nobles with Our signs. But they were too proud and they were a sinning people.

76 Falamma jaahumu alhaqqu min AAindina qaloo inna hatha lasihrun mubeenun

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76. So when the truth came to them from Us they said, “This is manifestly indeed magic!”

77 Qala moosa ataqooloona lilhaqqi lamma jaakum asihrun hatha wala yuflihu alssahiroona

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77. Moses said, “Do you say this of the truth when it comes to you? Is this magic? And the magicians prevail not!”

78 Qaloo ajitana litalfitana AAamma wajadna AAalayhi abaana watakoona lakuma alkibriyao fee alardi wama nahnu lakuma bimumineena

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78. They said, “Have you come to us to turn us away from what we found our fathers upon, and greatness on earth gets bestowed on you two? And we are not going to believe in you.”

79 Waqala firAAawnu itoonee bikulli sahirin AAaleemin

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79. And Pharaoh ordered, “Bring to me every knowledgeable magician.”

80 Falamma jaa alssaharatu qala lahum moosa alqoo ma antum mulqoona

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80. And when the magicians came, Moses said to them, “Cast down what you have to cast.”

81 Falamma alqaw qala moosa ma jitum bihi alssihru inna Allaha sayubtiluhu inna Allaha la yuslihu AAamala almufsideena

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81. So when they cast down their contraptions, Moses said to them, “What you have brought is deception. Allah will indeed bring it to naught. Allah does indeed not promote the work of those who spread discord.”

82 Wayuhiqqu Allahu alhaqqa bikalimatihi walaw kariha almujrimoona

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82. And Allah will show the truth to be the truth by His commands, even though the criminals may not like it.²⁴

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24. Criminals in human history, like Hitler, may for some time think that they are invincible, and that none can bring them to book for their injustices. But, like Hitler, they are bound to meet their doomsday.

83 Fama amana limoosa illa thurriyyatun min qawmihi AAala khawfin min firAAawna wamalaihim an yaftinahum wainna firAAawna laAAalin fee alardi wainnahu lamina almusrifeena

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83. So then none believed in Moses, except for progeny of his own people, out of fear of Pharaoh and their nobles, lest he should persecute them. And indeed did Pharaoh have some power on the earth and indeed he was of those who committed excesses.

84 Waqala moosa ya qawmi in kuntum amantum biAllahi faAAalayhi tawakkaloo in kuntum muslimeena

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84. And Moses said, “O my people! If you do believe in Allah and if you are of those who do submit to Him, then do trust Him.”²⁵

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25. It is as if, through this Verse, Allah Almighty is Himself addressing the Muslims of this age. They are, by and large, Muslims only in name. They have no real belief in Allah. They neither submit to Him completely, nor do they trust Him wholeheartedly.

85 Faqaloo AAala Allahi tawakkalna rabbana la tajAAalna fitnatan lilqawmi alththalimeena

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85. So they said, “On Allah do we trust. O our Lord! Subject us not to the persecution of the unjust people.”

86 Wanajjina birahmatika mina alqawmi alkafireena

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86. “And do deliver us, by Your mercy, from the people who suppress the Truth.”

87 Waawhayna ila moosa waakheehi an tabawwaa liqawmikuma bimisra buyootan waijAAaloo buyootakum qiblatan waaqeemoo alssalata wabashshiri almumineena

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87. And We told Moses and his brother, “Prepare some houses in Egypt as spiritual centres for your people and establish prayer. And give good tidings to the believers.”²⁶

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26. This Verse is best understood in the context of Verses preceding and following it. One may not understand it fully, if it is read in isolation. And it has also to be read in the context of the historical situation the Children of Israel were in at that time. They had come to Egypt when Prophet Joseph had come to acquire a position of considerable authority with the then rulers of that country. As years passed, although the community increased in numbers, they lost their political clout after the passing away of Prophet Joseph. And at the time of Moses, they were reduced to the status of a persecuted minority – relentlessly persecuted by the ruling clan of the Pharaohs. Moses came to deliver the Children of Israel from the cruel clutches of the Pharaoh, but he wouldn’t let them go. So they had to remain a persecuted minority in Egypt for some more time. It was during this continued period of persecution that Moses asked them to have trust in Allah (Verse 84 above). They reiterated their trust in Him and prayed for their delivery from Pharaoh’s oppression (Verses 85 and 86). It was in this context that in this Verse 86, Allah Ta’ala asked them to earmark some houses as spiritual centres and establish prayers there. This, in fact, should serve as the divine mantra for any persecuted Muslim minority anywhere in the world today. If they just pray sincerely to Allah and have trust in Him, they are sure to be delivered from their ignominious position today, as the Children of Israel were from Pharaoh’s persecution. But, alas, the Muslims today exhibit their lack of trust in Allah by resorting to dubious other means, which only help make their position worse.

88 Waqala moosa rabbana innaka atayta firAAawna wamalaahu zeenatan waamwalan fee alhayati alddunya rabbana liyudilloo AAan sabeelika rabbana itmis AAala amwalihim waoshdud AAala quloobihim fala yuminoo hatta yarawoo alAAathaba alaleema

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88. And Moses said, “Our Lord! You have indeed given Pharaoh and his nobles glamour and riches in this world's life. Our Lord, you have given them this so that they go astray from Your Path. Our Lord! Spread destruction over their riches and harden their hearts so that they believe not until they see the painful punishment.”

89 Qala qad ojeebat daAAwatukuma faistaqeema wala tattabiAAanni sabeela allatheena la yaAAlamoona

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89. Allah said, “The prayer of you two has indeed been accepted, be steadfast and follow not the path of those who do not know.”

90 Wajawazna bibanee israeela albahra faatbaAAahum firAAawnu wajunooduhu baghyan waAAadwan hatta itha adrakahu algharaqu qala amantu annahu la ilaha illa allathee amanat bihi banoo israeela waana mina almuslimeena

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90. And We made the Children of Israel cross the sea. Then Pharaoh and his armies followed them with aggressive and inimical intentions. Until, when about to be drowned, he said, “I believe that there is no god but He in Whom the Children of Israel believe and I am of those who submit.”

91 Alana waqad AAasayta qablu wakunta mina almufsideena

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91. Now! And you did disobey before and you were of those who spread corruption and discord.

92 Faalyawma nunajjeeka bibadanika litakoona liman khalfaka ayatan wainna katheeran mina alnnasi AAan ayatina laghafiloona

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92. So We will, this day, save your body so that you become a sign for generations that would come after you. And, indeed, most people are oblivious to Our signs.

93 Walaqad bawwana banee israeela mubawwaa sidqin warazaqnahum mina alttayyibati fama ikhtalafoo hatta jaahumu alAAilmu inna rabbaka yaqdee baynahum yawma alqiyamati feema kanoo feehi yakhtalifoona

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93. And certainly did We settle the Children of Israel in a true settlement and We provided them with good things.²⁷ And they differed not until the knowledge had come to them!²⁸ Your Lord will indeed settle among them, on the Resurrection Day, the matters in which they differed.

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27. After the exodus from Egypt under Prophet Moses, the Children of Israel had to lead a nomadic life for some years because of their own intransigent attitude towards Allah and His Messenger, Moses. But thereafter, under Prophets David and Solomon, they enjoyed a settled and a very honourable life.

28. They had then attained to a very high degree of knowledge. The history of the Muslims runs parallel to that of the Children of Israel in many, many ways. Just as the Jews started having differences among themselves after attaining a high degree of knowledge and power and suffered a deep downfall thereafter, so were the Muslims. The Muslims were at the pinnacle of glory during the early years of their history. They had come to acquire immense knowledge, and people from the then backward European nations came to the Muslim universities to learn things. Thereafter, they (Muslims) started having differences among themselves and shunned the divine Guidance of the Qur’aan. And history is witness to their downfall in course of time till the present age.

94 Fain kunta fee shakkin mimma anzalnna ilayka faisali allatheena yaqraoona alkitaba min qablika laqad jaaka alhaqqu min rabbika fala takoonanna mina almumtareena

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94. But if you are in doubt about what We have revealed to you, ask those who read the Book revealed before you. Certainly, the truth has come to you from your Lord. Be not then of those who doubt.

95 Wala takoonanna mina allatheena kaththaboo biayati Allahi fatakoona mina alkhasireena

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95. And you should not be of those who deny the Verses/signs of Allah; for, then, you should be of those who are doomed.

96 Inna allatheena haqqat AAalayhim kalimatu rabbika la yuminoona

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96. Indeed, those, upon whom the word of condemnation from your Lord has in truth been decreed, shall not believe,

97 Walaw jaathum kullu ayatin hatta yarawoo alAAathaba alaleema

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97. Though every sign should come to them, until they witness the painful punishment.

98 Falawla kanat qaryatun amanat fanafaAAaha eemanuha illa qawma yoonusa lamma amanoo kashafna AAanhum AAathaba alkhizyi fee alhayati alddunya wamattaAAnahum ila heenin

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98. Why then was there no human settlement, other than the people of Jonas, which would believe and then their belief would prove profitable to them? When they (the people of Jonah) believed, We removed from them the punishment of disgrace in this world's life and, for an appointed time, We made their lives comfortable and easy.

99 Walaw shaa rabbuka laamana man fee alardi kulluhum jameeAAan afaanta tukrihu alnnasa hatta yakoonoo mumineena

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99. And if your Lord had so willed, certainly, all on earth would have believed. Could you then make mankind unwillingly to believe?

100 Wama kana linafsin an tumina illa biithni Allahi wayajAAalu alrrijsa AAala allatheena la yaAAqiloona

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100. And it is not possible for anyone to believe except by Allah's leave. And He causes ignominy to befall those who would not use their intelligence.

101 Quli onthuroo matha fee alssamawati waalardi wama tughnee alayatu waalnnuthuru AAan qawmin la yuminoona

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101. Say, “Observe what there is in the heavens and the earth.” And signs and warnings do not benefit a people who believe not.

102 Fahal yantathiroona illa mithla ayyami allatheena khalaw min qablihim qul faintathiroo innee maAAakum mina almuntathireena

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102. What do they wait for then but the like of the times of those who passed away before them?²⁹ Say, “Wait then! I too am indeed with you, among those who wait.”

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29. ‘Those who passed away before them’ connotes people like Noah’s and Lot’s, from ancient history who were destroyed because of their deliberate disobedience of divine law. But the examples are not restricted to just anscient history. We have examples from recent history too, like that of Hitler and his Nazis.

103 Thumma nunajjee rusulana waallatheena amanoo kathalika haqqan AAalayna nunjee almumineena

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103. We then saved Our Messengers and those who believe. Likewise, it is binding on Us that We save the believers.

104 Qul ya ayyuha alnnasu in kuntum fee shakkin min deenee fala aAAbudu allatheena taAAbudoona min dooni Allahi walakin aAAbudu Allaha allathee yatawaffakum waomirtu an akoona mina almumineena

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104. Say, “O mankind! If you are in doubt as to my way of life, then know that I do not worship those whom you worship besides Allah; but I do worship Allah, Who causes you to die. And I am commanded that I should be of those who believe.”

105 Waan aqim wajhaka lilddeeni haneefan wala takoonanna mina almushrikeena

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105. And that “you should keep yourself steadfastly and uprightly on that way of life. And you should not be of those who worship others besides Allah.”

106 Wala tadAAu min dooni Allahi ma la yanfaAAuka wala yadurruka fain faAAalta fainnaka ithan mina alththalimeena

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106. “And pray not, besides Allah, to others who can neither benefit nor harm you. And if you do so, then, indeed, you will in that case be of those who do wrong.”

107 Wain yamsaska Allahu bidurrin fala kashifa lahu illa huwa wain yuridka bikhayrin fala radda lifadlihi yuseebu bihi man yashao min AAibadihi wahuwa alghafooru alrraheemu

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107. And if Allah should afflict you with harm, then there is none to remove it but He. And if He intends doing something good to you, then there is none to cancel His Grace, which He bestows upon whom He wills of His subjects. And He is the One Who forgives, the One Who bestows mercy.

108 Qul ya ayyuha alnnasu qad jaakumu alhaqqu min rabbikum famani ihtada fainnama yahtadee linafsihi waman dalla fainnama yadillu AAalayha wama ana AAalaykum biwakeelin

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108. Say, “O mankind! Indeed, there has come to you the Truth from your Lord. So whoever is guided, he is guided only for the good of his own self. And whoever goes astray, he goes astray only to the detriment of his own self. And I am not a guardian over you.”

109 WaittabiAA ma yooha ilayka waisbir hatta yahkuma Allahu wahuwa khayru alhakimeena

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109. And follow what is revealed to you and be patient till Allah gives His ruling. And He is the best of the rulers.

1. Alif-lam-ra kitabun ohkimat ayatuhu thumma fussilat min ladun hakeemin khabeerin

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1. Alif Lam Ra. This is a Book, Verses in which are ordained and then explained from the One Who is wise and well-aware.

2. Alla taAAbudoo illa Allaha innanee lakum minhu natheerun wabasheerun

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2. That you shall worship not any but Allah. I am indeed from Him a warner for you and a herald of good news,

3. Waani istaghfiroo rabbakum thumma tooboo ilayhi yumattiAAkum mataAAan hasanan ila ajalin musamman wayu/ti kulla thee fadlin fadlahu wa-in tawallaw fa-inee akhafu AAalaykum AAathaba yawmin kabeerin

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3. And that you ask forgiveness of your Lord, and then turn to Him in repentance. He will provide you with a good provision for an appointed term and give every one one’s dues. And if you turn back, then indeed I fear for you the punishment of a very hard day.

4. Ila Allahi marjiAAukum wahuwa AAala kulli shay-in qadeerun

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4. To Allah is your return, and He has power over all things.